INDIVIDUAL COLOUR RINGING (READ RINGING) in FINLAND under the supervision of the Finnish Ringing Scheme

General rule for the Finnish codes: 

ALL CODES begin by letter "C" and are followed by 2-4 additional marks 
(letters or numbers) are delivered by me to Finnish projects. 
Altogether over 35.000 read rings have been used.

1) For seagulls we have used Cxxx or Cxxxx codes since 1993 
co-operating with Kjeld Pedersen and Peter Rock. 
1993 and 1994 rings were used only for Lesser Black-backed Gulls (L. fuscus),
but 1995-1997 also for Herring Gulls (L. argentatus), Black Headed gulls (L. 
ridibundus), Common Gulls (L. canus) and Great Black-BG's (L. marinus).
There ougth to be a metal ring in the other leg. 

2) For other species: We generally use also "C" as the first letter (country code) 
and followed by two or three letters or numbers (Cxx or Cxxx).   

Some statistics:

1996 I delivered (or used myself) over 5000 READ RINGS (individually coded 
colour rings), of which about 3000 were used for Herring Gulls.
The deliveries to Finland was similar also 1997    

The codes and colours are (in Cxxx or Cxxx  x can be any letter or number) 

1) Herring gulls (also some GB-BG's) codes Cxxxx or Cxxx,  White, Yellow and Black  
rings, right or left leg (with metal ring in the other) and since year 2001 also Orange Cxxxx.

Note: One ringer used also a few yellow Cxx rings of Marsh Harrier (look 5) for 
Herring gulls. Sorry.

2) Lesser Black-backed gulls  WHITE Cxxx read rings (normally in left leg, with 
metal in the other) and since 2004 also RED Cxxx

3) Common gulls WHITE or GREEN read ring Cxxx in the left and metal in right

4) Black Headed gulls GREEN or BLACK or WHITE read ring Cxxx in the left and metal in right

5) About 150 Great Black-backed gulls (L.marinus) has been read ringed 1997-2004 with black Cxxx or orange Cxxxx ringas have been used
6) For OTHER species I have delivered also
- WHITE and Yellow (Cxx or Cxxx) read rings for Jackdaw (Corvus monedula)
- about 100 YELLOW read-rings Cxx for Marsh Harrier (Circus aer.) 
  (some WHITE Cxxx rings were used 1995)
  1997 about 150 black ones were used.
- 200 white rings for Raven (Corvus corax)
- and for some other species all type of Cxx or Cxxx 
All reads of these should be sent to

Finnish Ringing Centre
(Rengastustoimisto)
University of Helsinki
00014 HESINGIN YLIOPISTO
Finland

or by email: elmu_ren@cc.helsinki.fi  (NOTE:Changed a bit from 1.1.1998!!)



In addition I have delivered over 1000 read rings of Lesser Black-backed Gulls to 
Sweden. Those ring-codes start by "M" and are followed by three numbers (Mxxx) or MCxx. 
The readings of these should by sent to the Swedish ringing scheme. 

...and some white read rings for large gulls to Russia (V.Bianki) beginning by 
"K" and three numbers (Kxxx) and I myself have used KJxxx or KJxx rings in Russian Karelia

.. and a thousands of read rings (for gulls, waders and geese) abroad (Britain, Netherlands, Hungary, Germany,
Spain, Israel etc.)
Notice: 

For any additional information about the Finnish read ringing you can contact 
me. At the moment I am developing the read rings to last longer. I have also 
possibility to deliver read rings and glues for read ringing projects, if they 
have supported by the ringing schemes of those coutries and European 
coordinators (seagulls: Kjeld Pedersen and Peter Rock). 

I do not see any reason for ringing seagulls without read rings, because they 
are so effective. I have written a letter to EURING  "Total assessment of bird-ringing" 
in order to promote read ringing. If anyone is interested of it,  please ask for it from me.

Risto Juvaste 
Viljakaari 4
80510 Onttola
Finland

tel. +358-13-801293
mobile +358-50-3676167
fax +358-13-2606801

email: Risto.Surname@kolumbus.fi
Note: (Surname =Juvaste) !!! 



On the right there are some excamples of my read rings
and tools for rolling of the rings.The normal price for the
engraved read ring plates is 0.7 Euro per piece and
for the rolled ready-to-use rings 1.0 Euro per piece